Journal of Lightwave Technology

Development of Electro-Optic Phase Modulator for 94 GHz Imaging System

Julien Macario — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Julien Macario, Peng Yao, Rownak Shireen, Christopher A. Schuetz, Shouyuan Shi, Dennis W. Prather
This paper presents the latest improvements in design and fabrication of ridged LiNbO$_{3}$ optical phase modulators operating in the W-band for millimeter-wave imaging applications at 94GHz. It describes the design conditions for effective index matching between optical carrier at ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5698-5703 (2009)]

Chromatic Dispersion Monitoring for DPSK Systems Using RF Power Spectrum

Jian Zhao — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Jian Zhao, Alan Pak Tao Lau, K. K. Qureshi, Zhaohui Li, Chao Lu, H. Y. Tam
We have demonstrated a method for dispersion monitoring of differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) signals by measuring the power of its wide bandwidth radio frequency (RF) spectral components. In particular, the RF spectrum ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5704-5709 (2009)]

Loss Uniformity Improvement of Arrayed-Waveguide Grating With Mode-Field Converters Designed by Wavefront Matching Method

Yohei Sakamaki — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Yohei Sakamaki, Shin Kamei, Toshikazu Hashimoto, Tsutomu Kitoh, Hiroshi Takahashi
We describe a silica-based arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with low channel-dependent loss variation achieved by using mode-field converters designed with the wavefront matching method. This mode-field converter converts the ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5710-5715 (2009)]

Design and Fabrication of Novel Ridge Guide Modulators in Lithium Niobate

Miguel García-Granda — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Miguel García-Granda, Hui Hu, J. Rodríguez-García, W. Sohler
A thorough theoretical analysis of Mach–Zehnder-type ridge guide modulators has been performed in this paper. A novel electrode/waveguide structure was identified, yielding low driving voltages for high bandwidth ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5690-5697 (2009)]

1$\,\times\,$4 Ge-on-SOI PIN Photodetector Array for Parallel Optical Interconnects

Chunlai Xue — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Chunlai Xue, Haiyun Xue, Buwen Cheng, Weixuan Hu, Yude Yu, Qiming Wang
High-quality Ge film was epitaxially grown on silicon on insulator using the ultrahigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition. In this paper, we demonstrated that the efficient 1$\,\times\,$4 germanium-on-silicon p-i-n photodetector arrays with 1.0 $\mu$m ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5687-5689 (2009)]

Development of a Micromechanical Grating Optical Modulator for Optical Network

Yiting Yu — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Yiting Yu, Weizheng Yuan, Bin Yan, Taiping Li
In this paper, we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a new micromechanical grating optical modulator. By applying a dc driving voltage to the electrostatic comb-drive actuator, the grating beams can be ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5681-5686 (2009)]

Interferometric In-Phase and Quadrature Oscilloscope

David J. Krause — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

David J. Krause, John C. Cartledge, Charles Laperle, Kim Roberts
A technique is presented for measuring the in-phase and quadrature components of a modulated optical signal, using standard electrical and optical components and a high-bandwidth equivalent-time sampling oscilloscope. The ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5749-5754 (2009)]

Prospects on Planar Quantum Computing

Gabriella Cincotti — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Gabriella Cincotti
High-fidelity planar quantum circuits have been recently experimentally demonstrated , enabling a new generation of quantum computing, based on reliable, monolithically integrated planar optical devices. The present paper is ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5755-5766 (2009)]

Polarization Insensitive Wavelength Conversion Based on Orthogonal Pump Four-Wave Mixing for Polarization Multiplexing Signal in High-Nonlinear Fiber

Jia Lu — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Jia Lu, Lin Chen, Z. Dong, Z. Cao, Shuangchun Wen
We have theoretically and experimentally investigated polarization insensitive all-optical wavelength conversion for polarization multiplexing signal based on orthogonal pump four-wave mixing in nonlinear optical fiber. ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5767-5774 (2009)]

Metallic-Grating-Based Interconnector Between Surface Plasmon Polariton Waveguides

Dawoon Choi — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Dawoon Choi, Il-Min Lee, Jaehoon Jung, Junghyun Park, Jae-Hoon Han, Byoungho Lee
A metallic-grating-based interconnection scheme that interconnects two waveguide layers of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is presented. We designed a diffraction grating for radiating light from the SPPs into free space ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5675-5680 (2009)]

Novel Silica-Based Waveguide-Type Polarization Beam Splitters Using Trenches Filled With Low-Refractive-Index Material

Jiro Ito Hiroyuki Tsuda — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Jiro Ito, Hiroyuki Tsuda
We have proposed and fabricated two kinds of planar-lightwave-circuits-type polarization beam splitters (PBSs) using trenches filled with low-refractive-index material: a narrowband-type and a wideband-type. Both PBSs ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5668-5674 (2009)]

Algorithms for Compensation of Multimode Fiber Dispersion Using Adaptive Optics

Rahul Alex Panicker Joseph M. Kahn — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Rahul Alex Panicker, Joseph M. Kahn
We propose adaptive algorithms for mitigating inter-symbol interference (ISI) in multimode fiber (MMF) systems using a spatial light modulator (SLM). Minimizing ISI in MMF systems using an SLM has previously been posed as a ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5790-5799 (2009)]

Comments on “Wavelength Conversion Based on Four-Wave Mixing in High-Nonlinear Dispersion Shifted Fiber Using a Dual-Pump Configuration”

Michel E. Marhic — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Michel E. Marhic
[J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5800-5800 (2009)]

A Random Number Generator Based on Single-Photon Avalanche Photodiode Dark Counts

Shelan Khasro Tawfeeq — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Shelan Khasro Tawfeeq
In this paper, a new physical random number generator is built. The generation concept is based on the dark pulses thermally generated in single photon avalanche photodiodes operating in the Geiger mode. Results show that ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5665-5667 (2009)]

Wavelength-Routed Optical Multicast Packet Switch With Improved Performance

Qirui Huang Wen-De Zhong — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Qirui Huang, Wen-De Zhong
Optical packet switch with multicast capability enables a broad range of applications in next generation optical networks. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective scheme to enhance the traffic performance of our earlier ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5657-5664 (2009)]

Asymmetrical Spectral Response in Fiber Fabry–Pérot Interferometers

Onur Kilic — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Onur Kilic, Michel J. F. Digonnet, Gordon S. Kino, Olav Solgaard
We demonstrate that the reflection spectrum of a fiber Fabry–Pérot formed by a single-mode fiber and an external mirror does not exhibit the standard Lorentzian profile of a conventional bulk-optic ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5648-5656 (2009)]

BER Analysis of Cooperative Systems in Free-Space Optical Networks

Mehdi Karimi Masoumeh Nasiri-Kenari — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Mehdi Karimi, Masoumeh Nasiri-Kenari
Free-space optical (FSO) communication suffers from several challenges in practical deployment; the major of them is fading or scintillation. To overcome such limitations, spatial diversity based on MIMO techniques has been ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5639-5647 (2009)]

Intelligent Interring Route Control in Bridged Resilient Packet Rings

Wen-Shiang Tang Chung-Ju Chang — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Wen-Shiang Tang, Chung-Ju Chang
In this paper, intelligent interring route control is proposed for bridges that connect two resilient packet rings (RPRs). The intelligent interring route controller (IIRC) is designed according to the load-balancing ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5631-5638 (2009)]

Thermal and Mechanical Analysis of Cross-Linked Optical Fiber Coatings

S. M. Budy — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

S. M. Budy, T. Hawkins, P. Foy, M. J. Matthewson, D. W. Smith Jr., J. Ballato
A convenient route to enhancing the thermal degradation on-set temperature of existing commercial optical fiber coatings is presented. UV curable acrylate coatings were modified through the addition of a multi-functional cross-linking agent and are shown to increase their ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5626-5630 (2009)]

Limitations by Group Delay Ripple on Optical Beam-forming With Chirped Fiber Grating

Pham Quang Thai — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Pham Quang Thai, Arokiaswami Alphones, Desmond R. Lim
This paper investigates the effect of group delay ripple on optical beam-formers using chirped fiber grating. Such optical beam-formers were promised to have many advantages over their electrical beam-forming counter-parts. ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5619-5625 (2009)]

Optical Packet Network With Limited-Range Wavelength Conversion: A Novel Formalization of the Optimal Scheduling Problem

Andrea Detti — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Andrea Detti, Giorgia Parca, Valeria Carrozzo, Silvello Betti
In this paper, we consider synchronous optical packet networks formed by switches equipped with a complete set of limited-range wavelength converters. On these networks, we dealt with scheduling algorithm that maximizes the ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5607-5618 (2009)]

Novel Fabrication of Fiber Bragg Gratings Using Silicone Rubber Phase-Mask Stamp on the Cladding

Jerome Poulin Raman Kashyap — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Jerome Poulin, Raman Kashyap
Strong fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) (17 dB) have been fabricated using a silicone rubber [polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)] phase mask directly integrated on top of the cladding of an optical fiber. To achieve this result, a new ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5602-5606 (2009)]

Raman Fiber Amplifier With Integrated Cooler

Galina Nemova Raman Kashyap — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Galina Nemova, Raman Kashyap
We present a new scheme for a laser cooled Raman optical fiber amplifier. The heat generated in the process of Raman amplification (RA) is compensated for with laser cooling provided by anti-Stokes fluorescence of ytterbium ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5597-5601 (2009)]

Polarization Rotation in Twisted Polarization Maintaining Fibers Using a Fixed Reference Frame

Hala J. El-Khozondar — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Hala J. El-Khozondar, Mathias S. Müller, Rifa J. El-Khozondar, Alexander W. Koch
In previous studies addressing polarization evolution in optical fibers, the frame of reference in which polarization rotation in twisted optical fibers is described lacks the compatibility with the modeling of some fiber ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5590-5596 (2009)]

Dynamic Analysis of All-Optical Wavelength Conversion of Differential Phase-Shift Keyed Signals Based on Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Mach–Zehnder Interferometer

Wei Hong — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Wei Hong, Minghao Li, Xinliang Zhang, Junqiang Sun, Dexiu Huang
All-optical wavelength conversion of differential phase-shift keyed (DPSK) signals based on semiconductor optical amplifier Mach–Zehnder interferometer (SOA-MZI) is simulated and analyzed. The results show that, to ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5580-5589 (2009)]

Robustness Optimization of Fiber Index Profiles for Optical Parametric Amplifiers

Lucas H. Gabrielli — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Lucas H. Gabrielli, Hugo E. Hernández-Figueroa, Hugo L. Fragnito
Optical fibers with index profiles that are optimized for broadband double pumped parametric amplifiers are thoroughly investigated. The analysis includes random variations in the radii of the profile along the fiber length ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5571-5579 (2009)]

Analysis of Burst Segmentation in Optical Burst Switching Networks Considering Path Correlation

T. Venkatesh — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

T. Venkatesh, A. Jayaraj, C. Siva Ram Murthy
One of the key problems hindering the realization of optical burst switching (OBS) technology in the core networks is the losses due to contention among the bursts at the core nodes. Such contention losses do not necessarily ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5563-5570 (2009)]

Dynamic Range of Frequency Modulated Direct-Detection Analog Fiber Optic Links

John M. Wyrwas Ming C. Wu — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

John M. Wyrwas, Ming C. Wu
A frequency modulated (FM) analog optical link using an FM discriminator is analyzed. Figures-of-merit are derived, including expressions for the second-order (OIP2) and third-order intercept points (OIP3), spurious-free ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5552-5562 (2009)]

Wavelength-Insensitive Integrated-Optic Circuit Consisting of Asymmetric X-Junction Couplers for Recognition of BPSK Labels

Hitoshi Hiura — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Hitoshi Hiura, Nobuo Goto, Shin-ichiro Yanagiya
We have proposed a label recognition integrated-optic circuits for photonic label switching using self-routing of the label pulses. Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) format is considered as the label. An identifying bit is ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5543-5551 (2009)]

Characterization of Silica Nanowires for Optical Sensing

Christos Themistos — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Christos Themistos, Muttukrishnan Rajarajan, B. M. Azizur Rahman, Kenneth T. V. Grattan
In this paper, the optical properties of silica nanowires in a Mach–Zehnder-based optical sensor for detecting biomaterial specimens have been studied using the full vectorial H-field formulation of the finite element ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5537-5542 (2009)]

Finite Element Simulation of Self-Writing Waveguide Formation Through Photopolymerization

Aliesha Anderson Kara Peters — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Aliesha Anderson, Kara Peters
This article presents the simulation of the dynamics of the self-writing waveguide phenomenon in photopolymerizable resin systems using the finite element method. The rate equation of the photopolymerization process, ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5529-5536 (2009)]

Design and Characterization of Dielectric-Loaded Plasmonic Directional Couplers

Tobias Holmgaard — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Tobias Holmgaard, Zhuo Chen, Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi, Laurent Markey, Alain Dereux
Ultracompact directional couplers (DCs) based on dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides (DLSPPWs) are analyzed using the effective index method (EIM), with the coupling, both in the parallel interaction region and in- and out-coupling regions, ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5521-5528 (2009)]

Influence of Intrachannel Crosstalk With Frequency Dependence on Signal Degradation in Optical Switch Network

Shuto Yamamoto — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Shuto Yamamoto, Toshihide Yoshimatsu, Hidehiko Takara, Tetsuro Komukai, Yasuaki Hashizume, Hirokazu Kubota, Hiroji Masuda, Masahiko Jinno, Atsushi Takada
In this paper, we show the influence of intrachannel crosstalk in an optical switch network. The intrachannel crosstalk is mainly due to a signal that is not sufficiently blocked by the optical switch. The signal has a ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5716-5722 (2009)]

Spectrally Efficient Direct-Detected OFDM Transmission Incorporating a Tunable Frequency Gap and an Iterative Detection Techniques

Wei-Ren Peng — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Wei-Ren Peng, Bo Zhang, Kai-Ming Feng, Xiaoxia Wu, Alan E. Willner, Sien Chi
We analytically and experimentally demonstrate a linearly field-modulated, direct-detected virtual single-sideband orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (VSSB-OFDM) system that employs a tunable frequency gap and an ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5723-5735 (2009)]

Hierarchical Optical Path Network Design Algorithm Considering Waveband Protection

Yoshiyuki Yamada — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Yoshiyuki Yamada, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Ken-Ichi Sato
This paper proposes a hierarchical optical path network design algorithm employing dedicated protection in the waveband layer. The proposed algorithm reduces network costs by joint optimization of grooming wavelength paths and ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5736-5748 (2009)]

Effect of the Wetting Layer on the Output Power of a Double Tunneling-Injection Quantum-Dot Laser

Dae-Seob Han Levon V. Asryan — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Dae-Seob Han, Levon V. Asryan
To suppress bipolar population and hence electron–hole recombination outside quantum dots (QDs), tunneling-injection of electrons and holes into QDs from two separate quantum wells was proposed earlier. Close-to-ideal ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5775-5782 (2009)]

Experimental Comparison of Adaptive Optics Algorithms in 10-Gb/s Multimode Fiber Systems

Rahul Alex Panicker — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 EST

Rahul Alex Panicker, Alan Pak Tao Lau, Jeffrey P. Wilde, Joseph M. Kahn
We experimentally compare various adaptive algorithms that use a spatial light modulator (SLM) to compensate modal dispersion in 50-$\mu$m graded-index multimode fibers. We show that continuous-phase sequential coordinate ascent (CPSCA) gives better bit-error-ratio performance than 2- ... [J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 5783-5789 (2009)]